I like reading books about the brain, how we learn, and study habits that we should adopt. I wish I knew these things before grammar school, middle school, high school, and college. This will still be useful, because I am a lifelong learner and I'll have plenty of time to use these techniques.

When you need to put in a lot of effort to learn, you rewire your brain. Next time it will be easier.

If it's a little difficult to learn, it's more likely to stick in your brain.`

Give a strong effort to solving problems before looking at the answers. Yes, it's likely to cause your brain to hurt, but it helps your learning framework.

After you read something, quiz yourself on it. Forcing that recall reinforces the memory. Separated by time, keep quizzing yourself.

Don't study A for days on end and then study B or C. Instead, read a bit of A, a read bit of B, quiz yourself on A, read a bit more A, quiz yourself on B, read a bit more on B, quiz yourself on A, read a bit on C, ...

As your reading, force yourself to pause and recall what you read and rephrase it in your own words. Bonus points if you write it down. More bonus points if you draw a quick sketch.

Can you turn what you're learning into a story with characters? If so, do it.

Forget about learning styles. There is minimal evidence to back up the various theories and no way to accommodate everyone. Instead, shake it up. No matter what you think your 'learning style' is, everyone learns better when you read something, then listen, then do something with your hands, then quiz yourself, then read some, ... 

Use recall, generation, and elaboration to help you remember your studies. Recall by quizzing yourself, rewriting in your own words, or explaining the material to someone else. Generate mental lists of alternatives. If I do A then Z and Y, will I get the same results or better results than if I do A, then Y and Z ?  Finally, elaborate what you're learning. Create mental images and stories or other ways to think about the material.